Packet #18165593 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Hemlock (🌲) to !ffffffff

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	18165593
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x1fd76813` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC
From Node:	Hemlock (🌲)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	STORE_FORWARD_APP Port: 65

Gateway:	Franklin SLS (🐢)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-41 dBm
SNR:	6.5 dBm
Hop Info:	3/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 0
Relay Node:	`da` Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet

Payload Data

Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP

Size: 7 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	7 bytes
Gateway:	!3369286c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!3369286c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (7 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3662910344` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`65` STORE_FORWARD_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`7` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	Not set	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-41.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`6.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1774677818` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`218` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774677820.1058319` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!3369286c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -41.0 dBm SNR: 6.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:	7 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!3369286c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3662910344, "to": 4294967295, "id": 534210579, "rx_time": 1774677818, "rx_snr": 6.5, "rx_rssi": -41, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 218, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)

08022203088407

Hex Analysis:

Size:	7 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
Franklin SLS (🐢) Primary	0.000s Reference	-41.0 dBm	6.50 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	Current
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.598s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.567s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.556s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.543s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.526s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.513s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.501s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.489s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.477s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.463s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.451s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.439s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.428s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.417s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.406s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.395s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.384s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.373s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.361s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.336s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.323s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.307s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	MediumFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.294s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.283s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.271s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.258s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.246s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.236s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.224s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.212s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.201s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.189s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.178s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortFast	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.157s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.143s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.118s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:39 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.105s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.093s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.081s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.070s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.057s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.046s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.034s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.023s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	ShortTurbo	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View
It's So Damn Clutch (👛)	-0.012s Before	-60.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`da`	LongFast	2026-03-28 06:03:40 UTC	View

46

Total Receptions

2

Unique Gateways