Packet #39448573 Success
STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Meshtastic 6f98 (6f98) to !ffffffff
45
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
| Database ID: | 39448573 |
|---|---|
| Mesh Packet ID: |
0x25c8796c
Used for correlation across gateways |
| Timestamp: | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC |
| From Node: | Meshtastic 6f98 (6f98) |
| To Node: | !ffffffff (ffff) |
| Success: | Processed |
| Protocol: |
STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65 |
| Gateway: | AH001 (0d74) |
|---|---|
| Channel: | MediumFast |
| RSSI: | -120 dBm |
| SNR: | -14.25 dBm |
| Hop Info: |
2/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 1 |
| Relay Node: |
7c
PBSE
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions |
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded:
Yes
Decoded Data:
{
"rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
"heartbeat": {
"period": 900
},
"type": "protobuf",
"portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
"message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysisPacket Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
| Total Size: | 7 bytes |
|---|---|
| Gateway: | !b03d0d74 |
| Channel: | MediumFast |
| Payload Type: | STORE_FORWARD_APP |
| Hop Count: | 2 / 3 |
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields
MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
gateway_id |
!b03d0d74
Node ID format |
channel_id |
MediumFast
|
packet |
MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet |
MeshPacket Fields
Core mesh packet with routing and payload information
| Field | Value | Type |
|---|---|---|
from |
2475257752
Source node ID |
uint32 |
to |
4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes |
uint32 |
decoded.portnum |
65
STORE_FORWARD_APP |
enum |
decoded.payload_length |
7 bytes
|
size |
hop_limit |
1
Remaining hops allowed |
uint32 |
hop_start |
3
Initial hop limit |
uint32 |
hops_taken |
2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit |
derived |
rx_rssi |
-120.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway |
int32 |
rx_snr |
-14.25 dB
Signal quality at gateway |
float |
rx_time |
1778909089
Receive timestamp |
fixed32 |
via_mqtt |
False
Direct LoRa transmission |
bool |
want_ack |
False
No ACK requested |
bool |
priority |
Not set | enum |
delayed |
Not set | enum |
channel |
Not set | uint32 |
pki_encrypted |
False
Standard encryption |
bool |
next_hop |
Not set | uint32 |
relay_node |
124
Relay node ID |
uint32 |
tx_after |
Not set | uint32 |
timestamp |
1778909089.8281813
Unix timestamp |
uint32 |
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis
Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT
Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
- ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
- ✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
- ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
- ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
- ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
- ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
- ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
| Gateway ID: | !b03d0d74 |
| Signal Metrics: |
RSSI: -120.0 dBm SNR: -14.25 dB |
Complete Payload Analysis
Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data
Payload Metadata:
| Protocol: | STORE_FORWARD_APP |
|---|---|
| Size: | 7 bytes |
| Decoded: | Yes |
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{
"rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
"heartbeat": {
"period": 900
},
"type": "protobuf",
"portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
"message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{
"service_envelope": {
"gateway_id": "!b03d0d74",
"channel_id": "MediumFast",
"packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)"
},
"mesh_packet": {
"from": 2475257752,
"to": 4294967295,
"id": 633895276,
"rx_time": 1778909089,
"rx_snr": -14.25,
"rx_rssi": -120,
"hop_limit": 1,
"hop_start": 3,
"via_mqtt": false,
"want_ack": false,
"priority": 0,
"delayed": 0,
"channel_index": null,
"pki_encrypted": false,
"next_hop": 0,
"relay_node": 124,
"tx_after": 0,
"decoded": {
"portnum": 65,
"payload": "08022203088407",
"want_response": null,
"dest": null,
"source": null,
"request_id": null,
"reply_id": null,
"emoji": null,
"parsed_payload": {
"rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
"heartbeat": {
"period": 900
},
"type": "protobuf",
"portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
"message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
}
}
}
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
| Size: | 7 bytes |
|---|---|
| Format: | Protobuf (Protocol Buffers) |
| Encoding: | Binary with varint and length-delimited fields |
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT.
The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packetCorrelation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations
Loading...
Loading reception map...
Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
| Gateway | Time Offset | RSSI | SNR | Hops | Relay | Channel | Timestamp | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AH001 (0d74) Primary |
0.000s
Reference |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | Current |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.151s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.140s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.130s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.118s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.107s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.084s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.072s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.061s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.050s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.037s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.025s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
-0.012s
Before |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.012s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.024s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.041s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.053s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.064s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.075s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.087s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.104s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.117s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
MediumFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.128s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.138s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.151s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.165s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:49 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.177s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.190s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.202s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.214s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.226s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.237s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.249s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.259s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.272s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.285s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.296s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.307s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.318s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.330s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.341s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.354s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.364s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.379s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
ShortTurbo | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
| AH001 (0d74) |
+0.393s
After |
-120.0 dBm | -14.25 dB | 2 |
7c
PBSE
|
LongFast | 2026-05-16 05:24:50 UTC | View |
45
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways