Packet #39532697 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from !da539388 to !ffffffff

45
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
3
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 39532697
Mesh Packet ID: 0xa1869cd7
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC
From Node: !da539388 (9388)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2)
Channel: ShortTurbo
RSSI: -121 dBm
SNR: -14.75 dBm
Hop Info: 3/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 0
Relay Node: 94 NALF
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!a0cc7100
Channel:ShortTurbo
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:3 / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: ShortTurbo
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !a0cc7100
Node ID format
channel_id ShortTurbo
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 3662910344
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit Not set uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 3
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -121.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -14.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1778926468
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 148
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1778926469.3518229
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Custom channel: ShortTurbo
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !a0cc7100
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -121.0 dBm
SNR: -14.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a0cc7100", "channel_id": "ShortTurbo", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3662910344, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2709953751, "rx_time": 1778926468, "rx_snr": -14.75, "rx_rssi": -121, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 148, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC Current
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.487s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.454s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.442s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.429s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.416s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.404s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.392s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.380s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.367s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.356s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:28 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.344s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.333s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.321s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.309s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.298s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.286s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.275s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.262s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.249s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.236s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.224s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.211s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF MediumFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.199s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.187s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.173s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.162s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.149s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.138s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.126s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.112s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.100s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.088s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.075s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.062s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.050s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.038s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.025s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) -0.013s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.012s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.025s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.037s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.048s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.059s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF ShortTurbo 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
Sunset Beach 2 (SSB2) +0.070s
After 		-121.0 dBm -14.75 dB 3 94 NALF LongFast 2026-05-16 10:14:29 UTC View
45

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways