Packet #17676935 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from neoSG2 https://canadaverse.org/ (🎐) to !ffffffff

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	17676935
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x657f1f98` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC
From Node:	neoSG2 https://canadaverse.org/ (🎐)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	STORE_FORWARD_APP Port: 65

Gateway:	neoSG2 https://canadaverse.org/ (🎐)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/7 hops Start: 7, Limit: 7
Relay Node:	`bc` 🎐 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP

Size: 7 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	7 bytes
Gateway:	!a2e1bcbc
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 7

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!a2e1bcbc` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (7 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2732702908` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`65` STORE_FORWARD_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`7` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`7` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`7` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1774538024` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`10` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`188` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774581258.244939` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!a2e1bcbc`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:	7 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a2e1bcbc", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2732702908, "to": 4294967295, "id": 1702829976, "rx_time": 1774538024, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 188, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)

08022203088407

Hex Analysis:

Size:	7 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
neoSG2 https://canadaverse.org/ (🎐) Primary	0.000s Reference	Unknown	Unknown	0	`bc` 🎐	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	Current
VE3WNP-12 (WNP)	-1.319s Before	-73.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`68` WNPr	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:16 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.578s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.540s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.529s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.513s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.492s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.471s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.460s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.448s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.437s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.425s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.414s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.403s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.393s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.382s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.371s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.361s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.350s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.334s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.322s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.309s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.297s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.285s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.274s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.260s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:17 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.239s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.228s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.218s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.207s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.197s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.186s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.176s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.166s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.155s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.144s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.132s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.120s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.108s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.093s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.081s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.069s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.057s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.043s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.032s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.022s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View
Tagtastic (ld01)	-0.011s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`99` PI01	LongFast	2026-03-27 03:14:18 UTC	View

47

Total Receptions

3

Unique Gateways