Packet #39436779 Success

NODEINFO_APP packet from MAdon (MAdo) to !ffffffff

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	39436779
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x609cc3f3` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC
From Node:	MAdon (MAdo)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	DIR Rooftop (DIR)
Channel:	MediumFast
RSSI:	-60 dBm
SNR:	3.75 dBm
Hop Info:	2/7 hops Start: 7, Limit: 5
Relay Node:	`e1` DIR2 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: NODEINFO_APP

Size: 70 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

Long Name:	MAdon
Short Name:	MAdo
Node ID:	!67cdd7c4
MAC Address:	6EtnzdfE
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	70 bytes
Gateway:	!6985083c
Channel:	MediumFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 7

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!6985083c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`MediumFast`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (70 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1741543364` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`70` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`5` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`7` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-60.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`3.75` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1778906285` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`225` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1778906285.6996863` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!6985083c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -60.0 dBm SNR: 3.75 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	70 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!67cdd7c4", "long_name": "MAdon", "short_name": "MAdo", "macaddr": "6EtnzdfE", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!6985083c", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1741543364, "to": 4294967295, "id": 1620886515, "rx_time": 1778906285, "rx_snr": 3.75, "rx_rssi": -60, "hop_limit": 5, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 225, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921363763646437633412054d41646f6e1a044d41646f2206e84b67cdd7c4280942204ac8626dcd5f9b8c617ddbadc29f768dfbef565244d9aa74614ac858233e09154800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!67cdd7c4", "long_name": "MAdon", "short_name": "MAdo", "macaddr": "6EtnzdfE", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "public_key": "Sshibc1fm4xhfdutwp92jfvvVlJE2ap0YUrIWCM+CRU=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (70 bytes)

0a0921363763646437633412054d41646f6e1a044d41646f2206e84b67cdd7c4280942204ac8626dcd5f9b8c617ddbadc29f768dfbef565244d9aa74614ac858233e09154800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	70 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
DIR Rooftop (DIR) Primary	0.000s Reference	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	Current
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.379s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.353s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.333s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.313s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.289s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.259s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.236s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.213s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.191s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.170s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.149s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.128s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.105s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.082s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.059s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.038s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.020s Before	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.019s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.036s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.058s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.080s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	MediumFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.101s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.123s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.141s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.158s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.177s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.198s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.221s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.245s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.268s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.291s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:05 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.312s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortFast	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.333s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.355s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.376s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.399s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.423s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.446s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.469s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.491s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.512s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.533s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.554s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	ShortTurbo	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.578s After	-60.0 dBm	3.75 dB	2	`e1` DIR2	LongFast	2026-05-16 04:38:06 UTC	View

45

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways