Packet #17944011 Success

TELEMETRY_APP packet from Carthage-01 (CA01) to !ffffffff

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	17944011
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x0b78ea70` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC
From Node:	Carthage-01 (CA01)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	DIR Rooftop (DIR)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-94 dBm
SNR:	-3.5 dBm
Hop Info:	2/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`a8` id01 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: TELEMETRY_APP

Size: 28 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics:

Battery:	101%
Voltage:	4.43 V
Channel Usage:	17.1%
Air Util TX:	1.0%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	28 bytes
Gateway:	!6985083c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!6985083c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (28 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2658696864` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`67` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`28` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-94.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-3.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1774631687` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`168` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774631687.4207892` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!6985083c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -94.0 dBm SNR: -3.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	28 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1774631694, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.428, "channel_utilization": 17.063334, "air_util_tx": 0.9983334, "uptime_seconds": 216747 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!6985083c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2658696864, "to": 4294967295, "id": 192473712, "rx_time": 1774631687, "rx_snr": -3.5, "rx_rssi": -94, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 168, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0d0ebbc66912150865152db28d401db581884125c7927f3f28ab9d0d", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1774631694, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.428, "channel_utilization": 17.063334, "air_util_tx": 0.9983334, "uptime_seconds": 216747 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)

0d0ebbc66912150865152db28d401db581884125c7927f3f28ab9d0d

Hex Analysis:

Size:	28 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
DIR Rooftop (DIR) Primary	0.000s Reference	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	Current
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.039s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.032s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.052s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.073s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.093s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.116s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.141s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.164s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.200s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.235s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.312s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.353s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.381s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.402s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.424s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.448s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.471s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.493s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.515s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.535s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.556s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.576s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.607s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.630s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.654s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.676s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.697s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.717s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.738s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.759s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.782s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.805s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.829s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.852s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.872s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.893s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.920s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.941s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.964s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.986s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+1.009s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+1.030s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+1.051s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+1.072s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View

45

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways