Packet #17944029 Success

TELEMETRY_APP packet from Carthage-01 (CA01) to !ffffffff

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	17944029
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x0b78ea70` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC
From Node:	Carthage-01 (CA01)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	DIR Rooftop (DIR)
Channel:	MediumFast
RSSI:	-94 dBm
SNR:	-3.5 dBm
Hop Info:	2/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`a8` id01 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: TELEMETRY_APP

Size: 28 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics:

Battery:	101%
Voltage:	4.43 V
Channel Usage:	17.1%
Air Util TX:	1.0%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	28 bytes
Gateway:	!6985083c
Channel:	MediumFast
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!6985083c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`MediumFast`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (28 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2658696864` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`67` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`28` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-94.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-3.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1774631687` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`168` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774631687.9355261` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!6985083c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -94.0 dBm SNR: -3.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	28 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1774631694, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.428, "channel_utilization": 17.063334, "air_util_tx": 0.9983334, "uptime_seconds": 216747 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!6985083c", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2658696864, "to": 4294967295, "id": 192473712, "rx_time": 1774631687, "rx_snr": -3.5, "rx_rssi": -94, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": false, "want_ack": false, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": false, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 168, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0d0ebbc66912150865152db28d401db581884125c7927f3f28ab9d0d", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1774631694, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.428, "channel_utilization": 17.063334, "air_util_tx": 0.9983334, "uptime_seconds": 216747 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)

0d0ebbc66912150865152db28d401db581884125c7927f3f28ab9d0d

Hex Analysis:

Size:	28 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
DIR Rooftop (DIR) Primary	0.000s Reference	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	Current
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.554s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.515s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.483s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.462s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.442s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.422s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.399s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.374s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.351s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.314s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.280s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.203s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.161s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.134s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.113s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.091s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.067s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.044s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	-0.021s Before	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.021s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.041s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	MediumFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.061s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:47 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.092s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.116s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.139s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.161s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.182s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.203s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.223s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.244s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.267s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.291s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.314s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.337s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.358s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.378s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.405s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.426s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.449s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.472s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.494s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.516s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.536s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	ShortTurbo	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View
DIR Rooftop (DIR)	+0.557s After	-94.0 dBm	-3.50 dB	2	`a8` id01	LongFast	2026-03-27 17:14:48 UTC	View

45

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways